My Antonia

My Antonia is Willa Cather’s clear-eyed look back at her roots in the American plains.  There are a number of small sub-plots, but the book primarily is a portrait of a time and place, especially of the serene but harsh plains landscape and its powerful effects on those who grow up there.  

In the morning, when I was fighting my way to school against the wind, I couldn't see anything but the road in front of me; but in the late afternoon, when I was coming home, the town looked bleak and desolate to me.  The pale, cold light of the winter sunset did not beautify - it was like the light of truth itself.  When the smoky clouds hung low in the west and the red sun went down behind them, leaving a pink flush on the snowy roofs and the blue drifts, then the wind sprung up afresh, with a kind of bitter song, as if it said : This is reality, whether you like it or not.  All those frivolities of summer, the light and shadow, the living mask of green that trembled over everything, they were lies and this is what was underneath.  This is the truth."  It was as if we were being punished for loving the loveliness of summer.

The book is focused on the memory of Antonia, the daughter of the Shimerdas, new immigrants from a city in Eastern Europe, who find life on the plains to be very different and particularly hard. Although some of the neighbors helped them, many were too busy surviving on their own to help people so little adapted to their new location.  Antonia's father, Mr. Shimerda, a cultured man and talented musician, is never able to adapt and commits suicide, which leads to a particularly moving scene at his deepest winter funeral.

Cather draws a dramatic difference between the “country girls” and the “town girls” in the plains, although these "town girls" are living in such small, rural towns that we would hardly think of them as “city girls”!  Though she faces many difficulties, Antonia has a joy and strength that allow her to triumph over the hardships.  The book is basically pretty realistic, although the harsh setting and events are viewed forgivingly.  I found this to be a very satisfying book that offered insights into the character of the midwest and the challenges facing immigrants.

The Lure of the Bush, and The Black Virgin

Two more books by Arthur Upfield, featuring the charming “half-caste” detective, Bony.  Although I picked these two to read at random, they turned out to have a powerful common theme – the lure of the bush – the irresistible force of the Australian outback and especially of the aboriginal way of life.  The Black Virgin featured two interesting mysteries – an inexplicable murder coupled with the disappearance of a hired man at an outback station and the puzzling, unfulfilled love affair between the son of the owner of the outback station and a strong, attractive, and talented neighbor.  Methodical and creative investigations by Bony eventually unified and resolved the two mysteries as suggested by the title, but both mysteries were quite interesting reading.  The Lure of the Bush had more striking characters: William Clair, an outback swagman bent on revenge; King Henry, a handsome, physically powerful, and charismatic chief who has recently returned to his tribe after a long absence; the diminutive, but forceful Mrs. Thornton,  a fierce admirer of the real Napoleon Buonaparte - and some protagonists who are less colorful.  In this case, Bony's solution to the dramatic murder opens up a veiled family history that explains how the lure of the bush underlies a mysterious love affair and disappearance.  Quite lively reading!

The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle

This book by Haruki Murakami was highly recommended by Lauren and was completely absorbing and very rich.  Simple writing, but compelling – parts were very funny, or horrifying, or terribly sad, or sexually stimulating, or thought-provoking.  The simplicity of the writing seemed to imply or even emphasize the normalcy of life – but this was strongly contradicted by the strangeness of some of the characters, the mysterious relationships between different plot lines, the magical nature of many key events, and some deeply embedded philosophical issues.

I was captivated by the book, but found it hard to “understand”.  For example, take the title – the wind-up bird is something that the protagonist, Toru Okada, hears, but never sees – a “bird” apparently, that lives somewhere in the trees near his home, and often makes a strange call or noise that sounds like a mechanical wind-up bird.  Mr. Okada frequently comments that the bird winds up, or starts, the day, so the world can go on.  But the bird is sometimes described not as an actual flesh-and-blood animal but like a strictly mechanical contrivance that has no emotions, no goals, no remorse.  And, importantly, but mysteriously, Mr. Okada’s neighbor begins referring to him as Mr. Wind-Up Bird – and this nickname seems a little edgy… that he is a bit of a character and a little mechanical himself.  And, indeed, Mr. Okada is extremely emotionless and seems rather passive, yet eventually turns out to have extraordinary powers – powers that seem really to wind-up or change the world.  So, does the wind-up bird represent “fate” versus “free will”?

Very captivating and very thought-provoking…..and perhaps, like Shakespeare, doesn’t provide clear answers or conclusions!  

Sherlock Holmes: Complete Stories & Novels

I can't remember when I first read the Holmes stories and novels - but I loved them and re-read the stories from beginning (The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes)  to end (The Casebook of Sherlock Holmes) every few years - before reading again, I waited until I couldn't really remember the endings, so I had to wait longer and longer in between reads.

Well, it had been quite awhile since I last read them, but my interest was piqued again when Jesse recommended the Sherlock TV episodes with Benedict Cumberbatch and Martin Freeman.  The episode I watched with Jesse was A Study in Pink - fantastic! - loosely based on the novel A Study in Scarlet.  I thought I would read A Study in Scarlet to compare to the TV adaptation, and I realized that though I had re-read the stories several times, I had only read the novels once (except for Hound of the Baskervilles, which I love and have re-read several times).  So, the game was afoot, I was off and reading - the novels and then all the stories - (accelerated by having loaded them onto my phone and reading at all odd moments of inactivity)..

Well, the novels are pretty good reads, but (except for Hound) are basically a long backstory wrapped at each end: a short introduction that describes a case presented to Holmes and an ending that provides Holmes' solution.  Each of these is a good case and a good yarn, but generally not a full-length mystery (Hound is an exception - it's perfect!)  Of the other three, the Valley of Death was terrific: a compelling case and a completely absorbing and fascinating backstory.

This time, on reading the stories, I had some new favorites.  Some of the most famous (eg, A Scandal in Bohemia) no longer held quite the same fascination for me, though another famous one, Silver Blaze, still seemed magnificent (eg, "Is there any point to which you would like to draw my attention?"  "To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time."  "The dog did nothing in the night-time!" "That was the curious incident").    But this time around, some others really captured my interest

Future Shock - Alvin Toffler

Very much enjoyed Toffler's Future Shock, especially the second half.

The first part of the book explains at somewhat tedious length the titular psychological condition (the complete breakdown of adaptive functioning Toffler asserts is caused by overwhelming levels of change and novelty), which Toffler argues will become epidemic as society continues to change at an increasing pace. Although the quaintly-phrased doom and gloom is a bit tiresome, I agree with his overall theory, that there may be optimal levels of transience, novelty, and choice in society (which we are heedlessly zooming past), beyond which the average person finds it difficult to cope. Although I won't attempt to prove these connections here, I also believe that many of the psychological ills of our time (such as widespread Generalized Anxiety Disorder) are fairly linked to these same tendencies in society. (Also fascinating that this book was written in 1970, before the explosion of the internet, which has radically transformed our society in ways undreamt of even in this work!)

More interesting to me, however, is the second part of the book, which proposes individual and society-wide methods for treating the symptoms of change, as well as more radical proposals to control change itself. Toffler rejects the "regressive" hippies who would shun all technology and change, but he applauds the creation of enclaves of the past, which he sees as a sort of insurance against devestating disasters in the broader community. His strongest weapon against FS, however, is "imagineering" of the future by EVERYONE, and vast systems to integrate these predictions and disseminate findings about the most likely futures, according to the logic "forewarned, forearmed." He speaks in praise of science fiction here, as a "sociology of the future," an especially progressive stance at a time when the genre was held in "contempt" - his word. (I think William Gibson is personally carrying that torch for our whole society!)

What was a bit depressing about this book were the ways in which Toffler's predictions have NOT come true. Extrapolating logically from the increases in technological efficiency and output which had increased the standard of living for many, Toffler assumed that we would quickly use this wealth to end radical poverty inequalities, and with basic needs satisfied for all, could focus our surplus on moving up the needs hierarchy to focus on loftier goals like fulfillment and meaning. (He was not a socialist, by the way, his assumption that this would happen was not ideologically driven, but simple deduction.) Sadly, while this may have made sense at the optimistic time at which he was writing, on the contrary, wealth has become even MORE concentrated in the hands of a greedy few, and we haven't even begun to work on these deeper issues.

Much food for thought here!

Predictably Irrational - Dan Ariely

Predictably Irrational is a selection of short essays on the ways in which people are influenced by context and cognitive shortcuts (heuristics) to repeatedly make suboptimal choices. This field of economics, called behavioral economics, appears to be just catching up to what cognitive psychologists have been studying for decades. It was nonetheless an interesting book written in an engaging, chatty tone, and cited various studies by Ariely which provide new examples of these "predictably irrational" behaviors from an economic standpoint.

Zero History - William Gibson

Finally finished the last book in Gibson's Blue Ant/Bigend trilogy. Liked this much better than Spook Country, even though the protagonist was again Hollis Henry, whom I do not particularly care for (she is flavorless and lovelorn, snooze).

In this work, a mysterious line of wondrously simple denim clothing called "Gabriel Hounds" catches Bigend's eye for their innovative use of secrecy in marketing, and he hires Hollis to identify the brand's creator. When Hollis objects she is hardly the best person for this job, suggesting instead someone who might understand the fashion world better, Bigend replies, "But that's exactly it. Because they 'understand all that' they won't find the edge. They won't find the new. And worse, they'll trample on it, inadvertently crush it, beneath a certain mediocrity inherent in professional competence." Bigend is an immensely compelling figure, who prides himself on his ability to always select the exact right person for a given job... makes me wish I could work for someone like him!

Hollis' partner in the search for the Hounds' creator is Bigend's rescued drug addict, hyper-alert and sensitive Russian translator Milgrim, who has been put to work researching military uniform contracts. Of course, working for Bigend means being swept up in his machinations, and this tale follows the ensuing drama.

Always a pleasure to read Gibson, and now I've read his entire works!

The Sprawl Trilogy:

• Neuromancer
• Count Zero
• Mona Lisa Overdrive

The Bridge Trilogy:

• Virtual Light
• Idoru
• All Tomorrow's Parties

The Bigend Books:

• Pattern Recognition
• Spook Country
• Zero History

The Year 1000

This extremely charming book about life in the year 1000 is organized around the 12 months of the year, and the activities that were typical of that month. It is densely packed with fascinating information, and is extremely readable. Many fascinating facts in this book and I highly recommend it to everyone!

The first page of every chapter bears that month's illustration from the Julius Work Calendar, such as these:

Quicksilver (The Baroque Cycle, #1) - Neal Stephenson

The first novel in the Baroque cycle is an engaging picture of life in 1600s and 1700s England and America, where former Puritan Daniel Waterhouse is mixing it up with the greatest minds of his day, including Isaac Newton and the young Benjamin Franklin, among others. I don't have much to say about the plot (such as it is), but it is full of interesting philosophical discussions, such as this:

“And yet viewing several depictions of even an imaginary city, is enlightening in a way," Leibniz said. "Each painter can view the city from only one standpoint at a time, so he will move about the place, and paint it from a hilltop on one side, then a tower on the other, then from a grand intersection in the middle--all in the same canvas. When we look at the canvas, then, we glimpse in a small way how God understands the universe--for he sees it from every point of view at once. By populating the world with so many different minds, each with its own point of view, God gives us a suggestion of what it means to be omniscient.”

An interesting book. I've set down The Confusion, which has a different cast of characters and didn't grab me as much, but I may return to it.

Stephenson's Novels

• The Big U (1984)
• Zodiac (1988)
• Snow Crash (1992)
• Interface (1994) 
• The Diamond Age: or A Young Lady's Illustrated Primer (1995)
• The Cobweb (1996) 
• Cryptonomicon (1999)
• The Baroque Cycle
• Quicksilver (2003), volume I
• The Confusion (2004), volume II
• The System of the World (2004), volume III
• Anathem (2008)
• The Mongoliad (2010–2012)
• Reamde + Colin's review (2011)

The Martian - Andy Weir

"Robinson Crusoe in space" is how our bookclub organizer described The Martian, and this is a pretty apt description. Our intrepid astronaut hero Mark Watney is left stranded on Mars when his crew takes him for dead following a terrible accident. Using his botany and mechanical engineering skills, Mark must survive and find a way to let Earth know that he's still alive!

This fast-paced action thriller is written in a highly loose and conversational style, with entries styled as Mark's log. Recommended for fans of Kim Stanley Robinson, though this is much less literary and more of a beach read. Still fun and thought-provoking!

Also, here's a (kind of) relevant clip from Total Recall:

Spook Country - William Gibson

Recently finished reading Gibson's Spook Country, the second Bigend book. Found this one less intriguing than the first (perhaps because the protagonist, former cult band member Hollis, resonated less with me than did Cayce of book 1). Anyway, this book expands our understanding of Bigend's many schemes, and the way in which (seemingly) limitless capital allows him to explore the newest forms of information sharing, and exploit them for commercial purposes. Much as I imagine major CEOs already do, if they're savvy. The book does posit a novel artistic use of cyberspace and the GPS grid, which I won't give away here. Food for thought, as always, and the satisfying blend of exciting new ideas and interesting personalities interfacing in technology and which is Gibson's hallmark.

Gibson's 3 Trilogies:

The Sprawl Trilogy:

• Neuromancer
• Count Zero
• Mona Lisa Overdrive

The Bridge Trilogy:

• Virtual Light
• Idoru
• All Tomorrow's Parties

The Bigend Books:

• Pattern Recognition
• Spook Country
• Zero History

Nate Silver's The Signal and the Noise

Gibson's novels deal extensively with the science of prediction, which he depicts as a kind of occult phenomenon or 6th sense (cf Laney with his uncanny nodal perception, or the Coolhunter Cayce). As usual, in exploring this theme, Gibson is masterfully extrapolating from current issues, such as the rise of and obsession with Big Data. My reading of this book, then, was driven by curiosity of the actual state of prediction today, especially as compared to its potential as envisioned by Gibson. Sounds like we have a ways to go! It was a very fast and enjoyable read, written in a fluent and conversational style. Recommend!

Dad's review here.

1Q84 - Murakami

At my suggestion, our bookclub's most recent selection is Murakami's 1Q84. An interesting factoid from Wikipedia: "The title is a play on the Japanese pronunciation of the year 1984 and a reference to George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. The letter Q and the Japanese number 9 (typically romanized as "kyū", but as "kew" on the book's Japanese cover) are homophones, which are often used in Japanese wordplay."

It has been a while since I've read Murakami (previously: Kafka on the Shore; The Windup Bird Chronicle), and as always, I was struck by the believability of his characters, whose inner monologues are powerfully, resonantly realistic, and the vividness of his imagery despite his relatively sparse prose (at least in the translation!). This one was a little surreal and overly sentimental for my taste at times, but I still really enjoyed it for the reasons previously mentioned. I also LOVED the Town of Cats story told within the novel:

In the story, a young man is travelling alone with no particular destination in mind. He rides the train and gets off at any stop that arouses his interest. He takes a room, sees the sights, and stays for as long as he likes. When he has had enough, he boards another train. He spends every vacation this way. 

One day, he sees a lovely river from the train window. Gentle green hills line the meandering stream, and below them lies a pretty little town with an old stone bridge. The train stops at the town’s station, and the young man steps down with his bag. No one else gets off, and, as soon as he alights, the train departs. 

No workers man the station, which must see very little activity. The young man crosses the bridge and walks into the town. All the shops are shuttered, the town hall deserted. No one occupies the desk at the town’s only hotel. The place seems totally uninhabited. Perhaps all the people are off napping somewhere. But it is only ten-thirty in the morning, far too early for that. Perhaps something has caused all the people to abandon the town. In any case, the next train will not come until the following morning, so he has no choice but to spend the night here. He wanders around the town to kill time. 

In fact, this is a town of cats. When the sun starts to go down, many cats come trooping across the bridge—cats of all different kinds and colors. They are much larger than ordinary cats, but they are still cats. The young man is shocked by this sight. He rushes into the bell tower in the center of town and climbs to the top to hide. The cats go about their business, raising the shop shutters or seating themselves at their desks to start their day’s work. Soon, more cats come, crossing the bridge into town like the others. They enter the shops to buy things or go to the town hall to handle administrative matters or eat a meal at the hotel restaurant or drink beer at the tavern and sing lively cat songs. Because cats can see in the dark, they need almost no lights, but that particular night the glow of the full moon floods the town, enabling the young man to see every detail from his perch in the bell tower. When dawn approaches, the cats finish their work, close up the shops, and swarm back across the bridge. 

By the time the sun comes up, the cats are gone, and the town is deserted again. The young man climbs down, picks one of the hotel beds for himself, and goes to sleep. When he gets hungry, he eats some bread and fish that have been left in the hotel kitchen. When darkness approaches, he hides in the bell tower again and observes the cats’ activities until dawn. Trains stop at the station before noon and in the late afternoon. No passengers alight, and no one boards, either. Still, the trains stop at the station for exactly one minute, then pull out again. He could take one of these trains and leave the creepy cat town behind. But he doesn’t. Being young, he has a lively curiosity and is ready for adventure. He wants to see more of this strange spectacle. If possible, he wants to find out when and how this place became a town of cats. 

On his third night, a hubbub breaks out in the square below the bell tower. “Hey, do you smell something human?” one of the cats says. “Now that you mention it, I thought there was a funny smell the past few days,” another chimes in, twitching his nose. “Me, too,” yet another cat says. “That’s weird. There shouldn’t be any humans here,” someone adds. “No, of course not. There’s no way a human could get into this town of cats.” “But that smell is definitely here.” 

The cats form groups and begin to search the town like bands of vigilantes. It takes them very little time to discover that the bell tower is the source of the smell. The young man hears their soft paws padding up the stairs. That’s it, they’ve got me! he thinks. His smell seems to have roused the cats to anger. Humans are not supposed to set foot in this town. The cats have big, sharp claws and white fangs. He has no idea what terrible fate awaits him if he is discovered, but he is sure that they will not let him leave the town alive. 

Three cats climb to the top of the bell tower and sniff the air. “Strange,” one cat says, twitching his whiskers, “I smell a human, but there’s no one here.” 

“It is strange,” a second cat says. “But there really isn’t anyone here. Let’s go and look somewhere else.” 

The cats cock their heads, puzzled, then retreat down the stairs. The young man hears their footsteps fading into the dark of night. He breathes a sigh of relief, but he doesn’t understand what just happened. There was no way they could have missed him. But for some reason they didn’t see him. In any case, he decides that when morning comes he will go to the station and take the train out of this town. His luck can’t last forever. 

The next morning, however, the train does not stop at the station. He watches it pass by without slowing down. The afternoon train does the same. He can see the engineer seated at the controls. But the train shows no sign of stopping. It is as though no one can see the young man waiting for a train—or even see the station itself. Once the afternoon train disappears down the track, the place grows quieter than ever. The sun begins to sink. It is time for the cats to come. The young man knows that he is irretrievably lost. This is no town of cats, he finally realizes. It is the place where he is meant to be lost. It is another world, which has been prepared especially for him. And never again, for all eternity, will the train stop at this station to take him back to the world he came from.

It sort of reminds me of what happens to the girl's parents in Spirited Away, except that there is no possibility for redemption in this world.

Of Human Bondage - Maugham

After reading Dad's review, I decided to check out Maugham's Of Human Bondage. It was a very interesting tale of a neurotic young man afflicted with a clubfoot, and his coming of age in England and France during the late 18 and early 1900s. Although it starts off fairly slowly (the tale begins in Philip's youth), it builds powerfully and is a very captivating read.

I don't have much to add to Dad's review, except to say that it is filled with interesting bits of Philip's evolving philosophy, such as when he thinks:

Society had three arms in its contest with the individual: laws, public opinion, and conscience; the first two could be met by guile, guile is the only weapon of the weak against the strong... but conscience was the traitor within the gates; it fought in each heart the battle of society, and caused the individual to throw himself, a wanton sacrifice, to the prosperity of his enemy.

Pattern Recognition - William Gibson

Another brilliant book by Gibson, and the first in the Blue Ant/Hubertus Bigend trilogy. The likable but neurotic protgagonist, Cayce (pronounced "Case"), is a coolhunter - a precog who uses her sensitivity to brands and logos to serve as a consultant to major franchises, helping them make branding choices based on what she senses will become trendy or not. In her spare time, Cayce and her online otaku friends obsess over "the footage" - segments of breathtaking, unearthly films scattered across the net, discovered a fragment at a time. Cayce's life changes when an exceptionally powerful employer hires her for a special consulting job, and draws her into a web of intrigue, Soviet mafia, and mystery...

I also really identified with Cayce, and many of her reflections resonated with me, such as, "Does she feel liminal, now, or simply directionless?"

Gibson's 3 Trilogies:

The Sprawl Trilogy:

• Neuromancer
• Count Zero
• Mona Lisa Overdrive

The Bridge Trilogy:

• Virtual Light
• Idoru
• All Tomorrow's Parties

The Bigend Books:

• Pattern Recognition
• Spook Country
• Zero History